Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Service
Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Service
New drugs with novel mechanisms of action are needed in the fight against cancer. Gene therapy provides great opportunities for developing new methods for improved cancer treatment. In this regard, a number of different viral and non-viral vectors have been studied in the search for the ideal cancer gene therapy drug. Since the eradication of smallpox, vaccinia virus (VACV) has been developed as a vector for vaccines against infectious diseases and immunotherapies for cancer, including oncolytic virotherapy. VACV has been studied for its use in cancer therapy mainly in three ways: 1) as a gene therapy vector for tumor specific delivery of therapeutic genes; 2) as a tumor selective replicating oncolytic virus and 3) as a cancer vaccine expressing tumor antigens and/or immunostimulatory molecules.
Figure 1. Vaccinia virus life cycle.
The Unique Features of VACV
Among the poxviruses, VACV is one of the platforms boasting several features that meet requirements for oncolytic virotherapy:
- VACV is a highly immunogenic virus, eliciting strong T-cell mediated and antibody responses. This feature is the basis for VV's efficiency as a vaccine and might be particularly useful in the treatment of cancer.
- VACV has a wide host range and is able to infect and replicate in nearly all human and many other species’ cell types.
- VACV infection and subsequent gene expression occur with high efficiency and there are a number of viral promoters available that can be used to control timing and level of gene expression.
- Cytoplasmic replication of the virus lessens the chance of recombination or integration of viral DNA into normal cells, and its DNA-based genome also makes it more stable than RNA-based viruses.
- Recombinant VACVs with large and/or several transgenes can be efficiently constructed as up to 25 kb are insertable into the VACV genome.
- VACV can be produced easily to relatively high titers and the particles are stable and can be stored frozen in solution or as dry powder for prolonged periods of time without significant loss of infectivity.
Our VACV Service
QVirus™ Platform offers a comprehensive portfolio of oncolytic VACV services for the efficient design, development, manufacturing and analytical testing of virus vector products. So far, we have developed an efficient way to generate recombinant VACVs, including inserting and/or deleting GOI(s) in VACVs. We also provide customized oncolytic vaccinia virus and proof-of-concept validation study for the oncolytic virus.
Applications
- Transgene delivery
- VACVs armed with cytokines/immunostimulatory molecules
- VACV delivering anti-angiogenic agents
- Optical imaging and deep-tissue imaging
- Preclinical study and drug development
Our QVirus™ Platform provides a one-step solution of oncolytic virus engineering. If you have any special requirements, please feel free to contact us.
References
1. Guse K, et al. Oncolytic vaccinia virus for the treatment of cancer. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2011, 11(5):595-608.
2. Dana H. Genetically Engineered Vaccinia Viruses As Agents for Cancer Treatment, Imaging, and Transgene Delivery. Frontiers in Oncology, 2017, 7:96-.
3. Guo Z S, et al. Vaccinia virus-mediated cancer immunotherapy: Cancer vaccines and oncolytics. 2019.
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